In what context are INPE's fires data useful?
Monitoring of fires and forest fires in satellite images is particularly useful for remote regions without intensive means and monitoring sites, a condition that represents the general situation in the country. For an area with observation towers continuously manned and maintaining direct communication with brigades fire fighting equipment, satellite data is of marginal interest.
The detection of vegetation burning spots in the images uses the same fire identification method, in all regions, every day and for years in a row, which allows temporal and spatial analyzes of the occurrence of the fire that would otherwise be impossible, given precariousness, discontinuity and difference in methods in local information sources. In particular, the data from the "reference satellite" allows comparison between any country on the planet.
What products does this INPE fire / fire system offer?
There are hundreds of products generated and distributed daily, such as: geographic coordinates of the outbreaks, e-mail alerts of occurrences in areas of special interest, meteorological fire risk, smoke concentration estimates, mapping of burnt areas, etc. . Explore the INPE Queimadas Program Portal and see the list of the most recommended on the general presentation page.
Do the products from Queimadas do INPE have any cost?
No, all data and products are released on the internet by INPE at no cost to the user, about three hours after their generation; it is clear that for the user there is the cost of the internet provider or the use of the telephone line.
Can INPE work with those who burn?
No. INPE has no powers to inspect, control and combat the use of fire in the country, nor to punish violators. Within its attributions, INPE, through its Queimadas Program, seeks to generate the largest possible number of data related to the use of fire in vegetation so that the government and society benefit from the information generated. See our links page for more information.
What does INPE do with fire data?
The data generated is distributed in two ways: for the general public, all data and products are available for free access on the Internet about three hours after their generation; for public agents with special operational needs, distribution is immediate to their generation.
Which satellites are used and where are the images received and processed?
All nine satellites that have optical sensors operating in the thermal-average range of 4um and that INPE can receive are used. (Thermal Infrared Imaging) Currently (September / 2019), images from the polar satellites, the AVHRR / 3 of the NOAA-18, NOAA-19 and METOP are processed operationally in the Imaging Division - DGI and in the Satellite and Environmental Systems Division - DSA -B, the MODIS of NASA TERRA and AQUA and the VIIRS of NPP-Suomi and NOAA-20 and, the images of the geostationary satellites, GOES-16 and MSG-3.
Each polar orbit satellite produces at least two sets of images per day, and the geostationary generates four images per hour, with a total of INPE automatically processing over 200 images per day specifically to detect vegetation fires. It is also expected to include the reception of images from the Chinese Fenyun polar satellites. The receptions are made at the stations of Cachoeira Paulista, SP (near the border with RJ) and Cuiabá, MT.
This plot gives you an idea of the incredible variation in the amount of fires over different places.
The most prolific satellites are: AQUA_M-T, GOES-16, NOAA-19, NPP-375, TERRA_M-M, TERRA_M-T.
count2018 =FocosState2018.groupby("municipio").count()
We select here only detections done by the NPP-375 algoritme
plt.figure( figsize= (16, 6)) sns.violinplot(x="riscofogo", y="frp", data= COUNT2018, markersize=2);# scatter #.satelitex="estado", y="satelite", data= count2018
is there a connection between riscofogo at day-1 and frp at day?
FocosState2018LL_gdf = geopandas.read_file(FocosState2018LL) #, layer='countries'
firesBrazil1719
A. I can split the values up according to the weight that state had in the data of 2017.
B. I might search for the Coordinates of the border locations for a more accurate plot.
Date of the observation: 2020-03-02
%whos
Markdown and LaTeX: 𝛼2
Protected areas, also called conservation units, are divided into different categories according to their goals. These are defined by Law No. 9.985 of 18 July 2000, which established the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC).
Objectives include conservation of nature, sustainable development, scientific research, education and eco-tourism.
Fully protected units are expected to maintain the natural ecosystem without human interference.
Sustainable use units allow sustained use of renewable environmental resources while maintaining biodiversity and other ecological attributes.
The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, which administers Federal units, defines the classes of unit as:
In addition, some states designate areas as ecological reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Ecológica).
It has been known that the presence of lots of smoke can have a mitigating affect on the amount of fires. see the report of Mr Dias Alexandre of the INPE
The fire risk index for a particular day is determined beforehand, and is a value between 0 and 1. The maximum likelyhood of a fire occuring in the area is 1.
The FPR (in MegaWatts) is only known after the satellite data has been received and processed.
From August on, the divergence of these 2 curves is clear and persistent.